https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakhalin%E2%80%93Hokkaido_Tunnel How autistic would it be to use standard gauge for the tunnel? There are plenty of wagons with variable gauge axes that can switch between broad and standard in Europe, and the Japanese also have projects to develop wagons that can switch between narrow and standard. They could lay standard gauge in the tunnel, build container terminals in both end, and just have both kind of variable gauge wagons go back-and-forth, and around the terminals they both could build dual gauge tracks for themselves (narrow and standard for the Japs, standard and broad for the Ruskies). Of course, there is still the problem of the Japanese having their own specific kind of shipping containers.

>>19112 Or there is the significantly more sensible alternative of building a triple gauge track that can handle mixes all three of them into one. Although I can't find an example that combines standard gauge with 1067mm and 1520mm, but that shouldn't be that different from what is on the second picture. Even more, the 1067mm would be more of a bonus in that case, and you could use all around Russia. Although I have no idea why would a Japanese railcar show up in Poland.

https://yewtu.be/watch?v=pH0oafZKiDY This is some nice train autism, and helps you imagine why train schedules at the beginning of ww1 were so important, and why bombing the German rail yards in ww2 crippled their industry.

>due to Corona-chan's popularity waning the demand for oil and natural gas suddenly went up after it was about to hit rock bottom in 2020 >meanwhile the EU set up a new, completely speculative market for natural gas as an alternative to the old system of fixed long term contracts, thinking that Russians will have to constantly compete with LNG from all over the world >now all the LNG goes to Asia, as they pay a premium for it, mostly because Shina suddenly decided to get rid of coal burning power plants (causing frequent blackouts in the process) >Russia also delivered a lot less gas both in 2020 and 2021, so all the European reservoirs are empty >a lot of said reservoirs were also bought up by the Russian, as they were up for sale as part of setting up the new market >the cost of electric power is also up, as there's not enough gas, and all these fancy renewable sources were underperforming the last few weeks >and some 400 000 truck drivers are missing from Europe >and according to long term forecasts this is going to be one of the coldest winters in Europe in recent memory

>>19658 >all these fancy renewable sources were underperforming the last few weeks It's kinda funny that they installed them to "tackle" climate change but then they're vulnerable to the effects of a change in climate making them useless.

>>19658 Don't forget that Germany is shuttering some of its nukes, which make up 13% of their electricity produced, this winter because Merkel pissed herself over Fukushima. Blackouts are to be expected. As an upside, there'll be a lot less urbanites come spring. Country folk have wood stoves as backup. >>19668 They're useless as it is. Only reason they're "economical" is that cheap fossil fuels are used to produce them. Nobody could afford renewables produced with renewables. And that's leaving out the far, far higher risk of blackouts and brownouts with renewables because they're inherently at the mercy of mother nature and there's no way to build enough batteries to compensate for all that risk. For example, it's entirely possible to have a year with very little wind, or a lot of cloud cover. Replacing predictable energy sources with unpredictable sources is a losing proposition.

>>19669 >Replacing predictable energy sources with unpredictable sources is a losing proposition. Don't worry, you don't need a manufacturing base when you can just order everything that you need from China thanks to globalized supply chains(tm).

>>19669 Don't the northern cities have radiative water heating utilities powered by geothermal? Or am I thinking of Canada? >Year of little wind/sun While in general I agree that renewables are not a permanent fuel source nor are they even cost-effective as an alternative/auxiliary system most of the time, there are many places on Earth where you do consistently have solar (the two 35-40 degree belts outside areas of heavy rainfall, which are rare in those belts) and consistently have wind (Great Plains, parts of Scotland, etc.). Germany's problem is that they are north of the ideal solar area and they are also not along any major wind pattern areas, so relying on either is fucking retarded since only small parts of Germany are even cost-effective for windmills.

>>19669 I also haven't mentioned that the fertilizer industry uses natural gas as raw material, and many of the plants in Europe scaled back their production, or outright shut down to the time being. And of course the price of fertilizer goes up globally, and that will also make food more expensive. And I take I don't have to point out that the costs of energy and transportation directly tie to everything, and that inflation is also up everywhere. I don't think that we will see a sudden collapse, but if it keeps up then most of an average person's salary will go towards basic necessities, and maybe some segments of the population will be simply priced out of life.

>>19669 >Replacing predictable energy sources with unpredictable sources is a losing proposition. Even if you could predict that source, they can't produce enough energy. I went to a geothermal power plant where they were conducting a solar panel experiment, they had a lot of different types of solar panels with no movement, 2 axis movement, 3 axis movement. At the end, they needed a shit load of land to produce what the geothermal power plant was producing and of course batteries for the night. The 3 axis movement solar panel were great at producing more energy, but if something happened and it stopped working correctly, they needed to hire some guy in europa to come and fix it. Yes, it wasn't FOSS, so they let the damn thing sit there broken. Solar panels can be useful for some situations, in my third world shit country the domestic sector has a subsidy, because people are "poor," so they get cheaper energy. What the government should do is sell solar panels to the domestic sector at affordable prices along side a yearly maintenance so that they know those damn things are still working. That way they can slowly cancel the subsidy and steal the money for themselves. Anyway the solution for fossil energy is nuclear energy, but people too retarded to realize that.

Here is a random link from an academic that goes into logistics, very interesting site: https://www.hgwdavie.com/blog/2017/5/25/the-tempo-of-operations-in-the-railway-age Anyone have anything relating to the foraging operations in preindustrial armies? I am not sure how it works, most accounts I have found are vague in antidotal stories and general concepts.

>>19703 "Caesar's Legion: The Epic Saga of Julius Caesar's Elite Tenth Legion and the Armies of Rome" describes a harvesting operation of a Roman legion in Gaul that ends up going very wrong. In short, stores in a marching fort that's been occupied for longer than planned are running low and it's harvest time, so the commander (a legate, IIRC) sends out a unit of men (I think it was two centuries, but it could've been a cohort as well). They get a couple empty carts and sickles, but march out in full equipment since the enemy might ambush them. When harvesting, a platoon of men would stand watch with weapons, while the others grabbed the harvesting equipment and cut grain stalks and throw them on the cart (bundling them together too, I think). They then end up getting ambushed by cavalry, retreat with the full cart towards the fort, but end up forming up on a hill near the fort, where they get cut down to a man.

>>19703 >foraging in pre-industrial armies. A few of the older Chinese works go in to great detail since it was considered a key component. But they are in old Chinese. I'll give you an example. There is the "tuntian" system historically before the middle ages where soldiers would train in the winter, but work in the harvest and sowing in an area. These "Soldiers" (I believe the proper term nowdays would be auxilaries or reservists) would be called up as needed when conflict arose. There's a lot discuss about bluffing the enemy. One famous instance is where a general was matched up against someone who was very cautious (think Montgomery), so he got soldiers to build straw soldiers with weapons, got the drummers to drum louder than usual, lit up more bonfires. He then took the majority of his force to steal what would be the enemies harvest dressed in plain clothes during the night.

>>19658 https://archive.vn/Z8JYv It would seem Europe's plan is to act as a middle-man and either directly sell gas or supply gas to Ukraine via Slovakia instead of helping them to transition to an agricultural/industrial economy. More importantly based on what I'm reading, the Germans and French are planning long-term to siphon any talent left in the Ukraine off to other Western countries via educational/business programs, exacerbating the situation further. At this point I suspect the EU wants Russia to go to war with Ukraine in order to absolve themselves of their responsibility to try and help fix the Ukraine problem, but they can't say it outright else Ukraine might try fleeing to nearby states instead of only letting their talented slip through the cracks into EU clutches.

>>13232 Any anons ITT ever tried foxhole? It really soothes my autism to make guns and ammo and medical supplies and then truck them around to places.

3D printing is mostly just a meme if we are speaking about industrialized war, but could they have their small but important niche in making turbine blades? Of course those are not the whole story if you want to mass produce turbines, but maybe even a second or third rate power could make new blades to maintain existing turbines in everything from jet fighters to power plants.

>>19801 The logistics game has got really complex over time since the first alpha test, and you need to work in groups of other players. It used to be you had a bunch of scrap at spawn, carried that to a factory also at spawn, and made whatever you want. Now you'll need trucks, multiple players, and moving between multiple grids in the map for different factories to produce different weapons or supplies. It oftentimes ends up as a game that's just purely a zerg between chokepoints and fortifications if you play as a normal soldier. Whoever lasts the longest with their respawns and rifles, will probably end up defeating the others. The map was too large for the playerbase when I played in 2019 or so, think it had about 800 players then? It has over twice that now, so it's probably fine there. I think it's worth trying out but it's kind of meh playing alone. It's not very expensive when on sale, though. Think I got it for $15. I'll reinstall it again and probably get back to you in some time.

https://yewtu.be/watch?v=bH96yjd6BKU Long story short, Bosnians still have a few Kriegsloks that they use to this day to haul coal from the mines to the power plant. It's a very short route, and the trains need constant maintenance, but it seems to work.

>>22353 The places I've seen 3D printing used in military industry is in forming the outer tubing for missiles (since ABS and 3D printed PVC are both rigid but malleable enough for most short-range missile tubes) due to being significantly cheaper than metal equivalents even if it takes 2-3 days per missile, and in small applications in holding shit together on printed circuit boards. I could see turbine blades, but aluminum is cheap enough that it's still a better material for that kind of work. Guns and ammo would unironically be a good use of 3D printing since you could print most of the gun while using aluminum or ceramics for the rest, allowing for the quick creation of a "metal-free" guns for special case scenarios or just creating loads of disposable guns for poorly trained conscripts that only need to last some 300-1200 rounds of ammunition being fed through them. I think the place where 3D printing technology would shine the most is actually in construction. You can use 3D printing technology in conjunction with concrete to quickly throw up structures that you don't need to run wiring/plumbing through or if you do, you can drill out the hole as an afterthought and only expect to last a decade tops. The process is entirely automated and the machines for 3D printing houses out of concrete can already build a 6 person domicile in about 24 hours using track that can be thrown down in about 10 minutes. If you're using it as temporary barracks or refugee shelters, then you can fit 5x as many people into the same space. It's automated so the engineering corps can be defending the machine & concrete truck instead of doing the work themselves freeing up manpower, and it has both combat and humanitarian uses. Then again Edison's concrete house molds created in the late 1800s do the same thing just with a little more labor involved.

>>31668 There is the alternative of going full autismo with containers. You could even use foldable ones: https://yewtu.be/watch?v=8Dv4hxWMfSk

>>31671 Wait, last one is a different kind of battlebox.

>>31671 Having lived in a decked-out shipping container for a few weeks, I think I'd prefer the concrete house. I do see the appeal of being easy to tow around, but it seems like an "even more temporary" solution for shorter conflicts. I'm thinking more structures such as walls or houses that need to last a few years. Plus shipping container shortages are an issue while concrete shortages are indicative of a much larger problem.

>>31673 Are they stuffy and either too hot or too cold? I guess with modern insulation and a heat pump you can solve the temperature problem, but that makes them way too expensive for what they do, and they are still stuffy. Not to mention that you could most likely stuff enough tents for a whole battalion into a single shipping container.

>>31666 For a short freight route such as this the Kriegslok is perfect. There have been rumors of second-hand EMD units replacing the Kriegslok but I find this unlikely. The Tulza mine company will almost certainly keep the JŽ 33's until the greatest expense of a steam engine (skilled labor) begins to rise. Hopefully the Porta treatment will be considered instead of outright replacement.

>>31699 Too stuffy and too cold. Sleeping in a shipping container with 13 other guys working hard gets real stinky and insulation on the walls only really helps in the spring/autumn evenings, not winter temperatures. We had a heat pump but it basically reversed the issue when turned on and the whole thing became an oven. Which was preferable to blizzard conditions outside, but not great.

>>31699 containers suck since they're made of steel so the heat conducts right out and you need 4 to 6 inches of insulation on every surface. They're basically hermetically sealed since they float, so with 6 dudes living in one everything gets mouldy and stuffy. These problems aren't insurmountable but the costs start to skyrocket and the fuel/energy costs in the field go up too. Personally, I'd rather have a canvas tent with an oil drip heater. Cheaper to acquire, maintain, and healthier.

>>31668 >I could see turbine blades, but aluminum is cheap enough that it's still a better material for that kind of work. Are turbine blades machined out of aluminium?

>>31921 Either titanium or aluminum. Sometimes with carbon mixed in.

>>31928 That's only true for the compression side. The decompression side uses nickle based alloys, mostly inconel.

>>32187 Huh. Learn something new every day.

When greenfags aren't screeching about Chernobyl and Fukushima, they try to deride nuclear power plants for not being able to follow the ever-changing demand for electricity. Which is much more true about their beloved renewable energy sources, but I digress. Nuclear fuel is used to heat water, and in turn that water turns other water into steam, then that steam runs some turbines. But couldn't you just reroute some of the steam to a steam accumulator, and quickly decrease the energy output that way, until the reactor itself gets less reactive? And when demand goes up you can use that excess steam to rev up the turbines until the reactor powers up again. Is there anything fundamentally wrong with just rerouting the steam? Costs are always an argument, but covering every field with solar panels and windmills is also quite expensive, and I imagine it might not be impossible to refit an existing nuclear power plant extra pipes and vessels so that it can reroute steam at a moment's notice.

>>31666 >>31714 I wonder if we will see steam trains in Europe now that coal is back on the menu. Although if you shuffle coal between a mine and a power plant, then you can just electrify the railway line and then you don't have to bring out museum pieces or develop modern steam locomotives.

>>36488 >Steam trains in Europe >The year is 2023 >Every form of refined Petroleum aside from bunker oil and small quantities of Diesel are unavailable commercially due to embargoes from Russia and OPEC. >The large UK and German heritage fleets have been put back into use pulling main line traffic. >The Duke of Gloucester now pulls the Flèche d'Or from London to Paris Daily and can be seen tearing out of Calais at 17:30. All fun aside steam will not be reinstated on the continent during this crisis. All main line water cranes, water troughs and fuel bunkers have been removed. Steam is seen as very outdated and would not be used even if the correct solution.

>>34563 I'm sure you could but not sure how the reactor gets less reactive unless you're adjusting the control rods or some automated safety mechanism is whenever the turbine slows. How efficient are accumulators at steam retention?

>>36518 >how the reactor gets less reactive unless you're adjusting the control rods By doing exactly that. Even after you adjust the rods there is still a lot of heat, and you just use that to create extra steam for the accumulator. And when you have a surge you use that extra steam to rev up the turbines until the reactor gets more reactive again. >How efficient are accumulators at steam retention? I do admit that I'm quite out of my depth here, but as far as I understand you just pump steam into a vessel, and it will remain high pressure steam as long as it retains enough heat. I'd be surprised if we couldn't make one with modern insulation that can keep the steam hot enough for about 8-10 hours.

>>36517 >Steam is seen as very outdated and would not be used even if the correct solution. To be fair, you can electrify a line, burn the coal in a power plant, and you have the same end result, except that you don't have to bring back all the infrastructure and know-how to run steam trains. And later on you can replace that power plant with something else (preferably hydro or nuclear). My question is more about small scale, very specific cases, similar to the one in Bosnia. E.g. a local train autist community somewhere in rural Germany decides to shuffle people and goods between two towns with a vintage locomotive. It might be more likely than we think: https://yewtu.be/watch?v=B7g7PRJowzo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molli_railway#Stock_List >In 2009, the locomotive 99 2324 was built for the Molli Railway at the Meiningen Steam Locomotive Works. It is a replica of a standard locomotive, the DR Class 99.32. This was the first steam locomotive to be built in Germany for regular operations in almost half a century. The reconstruction was based on historic plans using modern manufacturing techniques. To get the rush of photographers out of the way, the new engine bore the running numbers of its sister engines of the same class during trials before being officially accepted into service.

How hard would it be to set up a semiconductor industry from scratch to the level that you can manufacture 90s computers? And as an interim solution, could a country cannibalize pretty much anything from desktop computers to goyphones in order to run industrial processes? The more I think about it, the more it looks like that most of the developments since 2000 in this field are driven a lot more by consumer demand for entertainment boxes than by ˝serious needs˝.

>>38859 >The more I think about it, the more it looks like that most of the developments since 2000 in this field are driven a lot more by consumer demand for entertainment boxes than by ˝serious needs˝. You're not supposed to notice that. It also comes dangerously close to understanding that even a lot of so called "serious uses" are also unnecessary bullshit, like the fake crisis with car manufacturing and people claiming you can't build new cars without chips because it's illegal, when a rational person would just call for a repeal of regulations and let companies build old fashioned cars that aren't rolling computers. You could have cheap, easily built, easily maintained, reliable cars pumped out at a phenomenal pace if it was necessary.

>>36517 The solution is obvious: Nuclear powered trains. >>38879 >cheap, easily built, easily maintained, reliable cars Oy vey, think of the poor car manufacturers if cars lasted over a decade without shitting themselves in expensive ways you can only fix with them.

>>38879 You can even still have last-generation chips. It's just the last-generation chips don't have proprietary software with an active copyright. >>38882 That has more to do with subscription models of ownership rather than planned obsolescence. You can still have planned obsolescence while making things repairable.

>>38859 That's actually what China did. They bought up all the obsolete chip manufacturing stuff to build up their industry on paper, only to find its all dead end stuff.

>>38859 >And as an interim solution, could a country cannibalize pretty much anything from desktop computers to goyphones in order to run industrial processes? They could and they should but they won't because the goyphones conglomerates hold too much sway in the economy and at the same time 11 eyes nations, China and a bunch of other governments really like having tracers on everyone at all times.

>>38931 Could you elaborate, especially on the dead end part? >>38939 I'm thinking of a borderline post-apocalyptic scenario where you can hook up a goyphone to e.g. run a CNC machine.

>>38940 >Could you elaborate, especially on the dead end part? I'm not 100% sure on what he meant, but generally in the semiconductor industry it's not "one continuous march of progress" but rather discrete leaps and bounds in specific technologies when breakthroughs are discovered followed by a short period of optimization of that strategy. Transistors have a theoretical upper size limit (lower size limit?) for instance that phones/computers were quickly approaching since about 2015, but breakthroughs in vacuum tube technology in the last decade have allowed for vacuum tubes that are even smaller than the smallest transistor crystal arrays while functioning the same way as a transistor crystal array.

>>38939 Another issue is almost all processors are proprietary (the big reason RISC-V was a big deal with computer engineering students since it's the only open source architecture for learning processors) so unless that country is a big enough share of the market that can't be gutted or have a strong enough computer engineering team to reverse-engineer that shit (almost impossible for most companies as they add more hardware DRM year after year), the international megacorps can just walk away if a country demands the schematics.

>>38962 But even the Proprietary Meme does not really work since in the end it's all Taiwanese/Chink manufacturing that reuse the same schematics and just append a different owner on it. There's a clip about this floating around but I don't have the webm, basically western companies contract Taiwanese hardware manufacturers for similar products and rather than making them from scratch all the time they reuse like 99% of the assets, western companies notice that their counterpart is using a similar product and start suing each other. >>38960 I've heard a far harsher reality in that most of the computational tech developed extremely quickly because it was highly unregulated for the longest of time.

>>13305 The decline was inevitable once the New Deal State was born. The New Deal State immediately began to sponsor various puppets and stooges, including Germany and Soviet Union (and never stopped - who is the last Moderate Rebel, again?) This "help" sped up WWII the way it was. WWII (along with its prologue and epilogue stages) massively brain-drained Europe (consider little Hungary alone: https://newrepublic.com/article/71697/missile-man ) and then made USA hegemonic (between taking over British colonies and competitors being ruined). This made Harvard more important than Royal Society. Sure, Royal Society was halfway to Laputa, but they at least remembered what it was about. Harvard always was a theological institution. "Progress" is just another euphemism for "Predestination". "Mainstream Protestant" and "Progressive" were mostly synonymous for a while. Theology is not science, but it can pretend. Yet science and pseudoscience cannot just coexist in a stable equilibrium. Science was already brought too close to power by the Mugwumps. And power corrupts. Then nukes brought science even closer to power. Cold War (or rather its arms race) forced a big unprincipled exception for R&D, as long as it lasted. But once it ended, welcome to gender studies and other trash.

>>39058 >guys the US and Germans and Russians were on the same side!!!! Ukraine general was a mistake

>>13232 >A thread where we can sperg out share our thoughts about everything that goes into an industrialized war. >everything that goes into an industrialized war. Demographic homogeneity of culture. However, this no longer applies to Western nations, thus we have regressed to a society prior to the treaty of Westphalia (when nation states in the modern sense began to conduct wars on behalf of regional collectives). Henceforth, nation states are proxies with which to fight wars. Nation states are effectively contracted mercenaries of commercial entities. Thus discussions of "logistics" in the sense used in early 20th century conflicts is moot. Since differences between military and commercial resilient delivery are artificial. Pics related. Internal attacks on commercial rail freight logistics in LA, USA emulate the internal attacks on military hardware in Ukraine, resulting in kamikaze drones sold on the black market.

>>39062 >, thus we have regressed to a society prior to the treaty of Westphalia (when nation states in the modern sense began to conduct wars on behalf of regional collectives). What the hell "on behalf of regional collectives" even means? It's so much simpler. >> the nomos of the earth > The heart of modern international law is the right of the international community, which just happens to be shaped rather like the 200-year-old Anglo-American empire, to distinguish between ethical and unethical war, and use the former to stop the latter. > As Schmitt observes, this unipolar design is not just in conflict with the classical law; it is actually a resurrection of the medieval law of nations, with its concept of “just war.” Naturally it was the Vatican which decided whether a war was just—and shifting this onus to the Truman Building only reflects Washington’s role as the Fourth Rome. Conversely, under classical international law, the "jus ad bellum" is a necessary attribute of sovereignty. Almost by definition: there's nobody in a legitimate position to resolve disputes between any two arbitrary sovereigns. Or authority to interpret some sort of One True Teaching and enforce their adherence to it, etc. Without some equivalent of Vatican, that is.